Abstract
In response to recent concerns about risk of HIV-1 transmission from drug injection paraphernalia such as cookers, ethnographic methods were used to develop a descriptive typology of the paraphernalia and practices used to prepare and inject illegal drugs. Observational data were then applied in laboratory studies in which a quantitative HIV-1 microculture assay was used to measure the recovery of infectious HIV-1 in cookers. HIV-1 survival inside cookers was a function of the temperature achieved during preparation of drug solutions; HIV-1 was inactivated once temperature exceeded, on average, 65°C. Although different types of cookers, volumes, and heat sources affected survival times, heating cookers 15 seconds or longer reduced viable HIV-1 below detectable levels.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 194-199 |
| Number of pages | 6 |
| Journal | Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology |
| Volume | 22 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| State | Published - Oct 1 1999 |
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Keywords
- Drug injection practices
- Ethnography
- HIV-1 transmission
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Immunology and Allergy
- Immunology
- Virology
Cite this
HIV-1 transmission in injection paraphernalia : Heating drug solutions may inactivate HIV-1. / Clatts, Michael C.; Heimer, Robert; Abdala, Nadia; Goldsamt, Lloyd; Sotheran, Jo L.; Anderson, Kenneth T.; Gallo, Toni M.; Hoffer, Lee D.; Luciano, Pellegrino A.; Kyriakides, Tassos.
In: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology, Vol. 22, No. 2, 01.10.1999, p. 194-199.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - HIV-1 transmission in injection paraphernalia
T2 - Heating drug solutions may inactivate HIV-1
AU - Clatts, Michael C.
AU - Heimer, Robert
AU - Abdala, Nadia
AU - Goldsamt, Lloyd
AU - Sotheran, Jo L.
AU - Anderson, Kenneth T.
AU - Gallo, Toni M.
AU - Hoffer, Lee D.
AU - Luciano, Pellegrino A.
AU - Kyriakides, Tassos
PY - 1999/10/1
Y1 - 1999/10/1
N2 - In response to recent concerns about risk of HIV-1 transmission from drug injection paraphernalia such as cookers, ethnographic methods were used to develop a descriptive typology of the paraphernalia and practices used to prepare and inject illegal drugs. Observational data were then applied in laboratory studies in which a quantitative HIV-1 microculture assay was used to measure the recovery of infectious HIV-1 in cookers. HIV-1 survival inside cookers was a function of the temperature achieved during preparation of drug solutions; HIV-1 was inactivated once temperature exceeded, on average, 65°C. Although different types of cookers, volumes, and heat sources affected survival times, heating cookers 15 seconds or longer reduced viable HIV-1 below detectable levels.
AB - In response to recent concerns about risk of HIV-1 transmission from drug injection paraphernalia such as cookers, ethnographic methods were used to develop a descriptive typology of the paraphernalia and practices used to prepare and inject illegal drugs. Observational data were then applied in laboratory studies in which a quantitative HIV-1 microculture assay was used to measure the recovery of infectious HIV-1 in cookers. HIV-1 survival inside cookers was a function of the temperature achieved during preparation of drug solutions; HIV-1 was inactivated once temperature exceeded, on average, 65°C. Although different types of cookers, volumes, and heat sources affected survival times, heating cookers 15 seconds or longer reduced viable HIV-1 below detectable levels.
KW - Drug injection practices
KW - Ethnography
KW - HIV-1 transmission
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0032708624&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0032708624&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
VL - 22
SP - 194
EP - 199
JO - Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
JF - Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
SN - 1525-4135
IS - 2
ER -