Abstract
Life in caves means life in perpetual darkness. This has two dramatic effects on animals: it eliminates the need to see and reduces the availability of food as there is no local photosynthesis. Food availability for cave dwellers is often seasonal, episodic or unscheduled. Like other cave animals, fish species adapted for cave life exhibit a suite of sensory, morphological, physiological and behavioral traits that are shared among species from phylogenetically distant families. Most cave fishes are entirely or partially blind. The most extreme of them, the obligatory cave-dwelling fish that spend their entire life in caves, are the subject of this primer. At present, over 200 such cavefish species have been described, and all of them have evolved independently from surface ancestors. Thus, each cavefish species is a replicate of the same natural experiment, testing the evolutionary response of a sighted surface fish to the absence of light and the limitations on food in a subterranean environment. The evolutionary responses converge on loss of eyes and pigmentation and the augmentation of other senses, such as taste, smell or mechanosensation, as well as a more efficient metabolism, changes in feeding behavior, altered activity levels, loss of circadian rhythmicity and increased wakefulness. However, not all of these troglomorphic traits are present in every cavefish species. Richard Borowsky introduces cavefish which have converged on a suite of morphological, physiological and behavioral traits that permit them to thrive in the absence of light and provide us with unique opportunities to investigate the genetic bases of adaptive evolution.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | R60-R64 |
| Journal | Current Biology |
| Volume | 28 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Jan 22 2018 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
- Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all)
Cite this
Cavefishes. / Borowsky, Richard.
In: Current Biology, Vol. 28, No. 2, 22.01.2018, p. R60-R64.Research output: Contribution to journal › Short survey
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Cavefishes
AU - Borowsky, Richard
PY - 2018/1/22
Y1 - 2018/1/22
N2 - Life in caves means life in perpetual darkness. This has two dramatic effects on animals: it eliminates the need to see and reduces the availability of food as there is no local photosynthesis. Food availability for cave dwellers is often seasonal, episodic or unscheduled. Like other cave animals, fish species adapted for cave life exhibit a suite of sensory, morphological, physiological and behavioral traits that are shared among species from phylogenetically distant families. Most cave fishes are entirely or partially blind. The most extreme of them, the obligatory cave-dwelling fish that spend their entire life in caves, are the subject of this primer. At present, over 200 such cavefish species have been described, and all of them have evolved independently from surface ancestors. Thus, each cavefish species is a replicate of the same natural experiment, testing the evolutionary response of a sighted surface fish to the absence of light and the limitations on food in a subterranean environment. The evolutionary responses converge on loss of eyes and pigmentation and the augmentation of other senses, such as taste, smell or mechanosensation, as well as a more efficient metabolism, changes in feeding behavior, altered activity levels, loss of circadian rhythmicity and increased wakefulness. However, not all of these troglomorphic traits are present in every cavefish species. Richard Borowsky introduces cavefish which have converged on a suite of morphological, physiological and behavioral traits that permit them to thrive in the absence of light and provide us with unique opportunities to investigate the genetic bases of adaptive evolution.
AB - Life in caves means life in perpetual darkness. This has two dramatic effects on animals: it eliminates the need to see and reduces the availability of food as there is no local photosynthesis. Food availability for cave dwellers is often seasonal, episodic or unscheduled. Like other cave animals, fish species adapted for cave life exhibit a suite of sensory, morphological, physiological and behavioral traits that are shared among species from phylogenetically distant families. Most cave fishes are entirely or partially blind. The most extreme of them, the obligatory cave-dwelling fish that spend their entire life in caves, are the subject of this primer. At present, over 200 such cavefish species have been described, and all of them have evolved independently from surface ancestors. Thus, each cavefish species is a replicate of the same natural experiment, testing the evolutionary response of a sighted surface fish to the absence of light and the limitations on food in a subterranean environment. The evolutionary responses converge on loss of eyes and pigmentation and the augmentation of other senses, such as taste, smell or mechanosensation, as well as a more efficient metabolism, changes in feeding behavior, altered activity levels, loss of circadian rhythmicity and increased wakefulness. However, not all of these troglomorphic traits are present in every cavefish species. Richard Borowsky introduces cavefish which have converged on a suite of morphological, physiological and behavioral traits that permit them to thrive in the absence of light and provide us with unique opportunities to investigate the genetic bases of adaptive evolution.
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85044865022&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cub.2017.12.011
DO - 10.1016/j.cub.2017.12.011
M3 - Short survey
C2 - 29374443
AN - SCOPUS:85044865022
VL - 28
SP - R60-R64
JO - Current Biology
JF - Current Biology
SN - 0960-9822
IS - 2
ER -